Fig. 2

β-catenin enhances glycolysis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vitro. A Western blot showing the expression of β-catenin,HK2 and PKM2 in BMDMs. The blots were cropped and hybridized with the corresponding antibodies.Quantitative Western blot results were normalized to those of β-actin. B-D Glucose,PFK and LDH measurements in BMDMs. E Lactate determination in the cell supernatant. F Representative Western blot showing the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome markers in BMDMs from the different groups. β-Actin was used as the internal reference. G-J TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-18 levels in the culture supernatants of BMDMs were measured by ELISA. The following comparisons were made: control vs. LPS, LPS vs. LPS + XAV939, LPS vs. LPS + LiCl, and LPS + XAV939 vs. LPS + XAV939 + FBP. The data are presented as the means ± SDs; ns P ≥ 0.05, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001; n = 3/group