Fig. 1

The computational fluid dynamics in patient 1. Before the procedure, the transvalvular aortic flow was observed along the greater curvature of the ascending aorta and the vortex was observed. The peak velocity was 4.3 m/s and the maximum wall shear stress was 16.7 Pa. After the procedure, the blood flow patterns improved. The peak velocity and the maximum wall shear stress decreased to 2.7 m/s and 4.2 Pa