Fig. 3

The computational fluid dynamics in patient 3. Before the procedure, a flow jet impinged against the posterior wall of the ascending aorta. The peak velocity was 5.5 m/s and the maximum wall shear stress was 14.5 Pa. After the procedure, the blood flow patterns improved. The peak velocity and the maximum wall shear stress decreased to 2.4 m/s and 3.2 Pa