Table 1 Country characteristics. Note: income level was extracted from website in February 2024
Country | ISO code [23] | Geographic region [17] | Income group level [24] | Ischemic heart disease medicine coverage score | Cerebrovascular disease medicine coverage score | Hypertensive heart disease medicine coverage score | Health expenditure (2021) (US$ per capita) [13] | Population (2021) [12] | Year of NEML list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | AFG | Eastern Mediterranean | Low | 29 | 20 | 18 | 81 | 40,099,462 | 2015 |
Albania | ALB | European | Upper middle | 48 | 44 | 36 | 465 | 2,854,710 | 2022 |
Algeria | DZA | Africa | Lower middle | 58 | 52 | 46 | 205 | 44,177,969 | 2023 |
Angola | AGO | Africa | Lower middle | 31 | 23 | 21 | 64 | 34,503,774 | 2021 |
Antigua and Barbuda | ATG | The Americas | High | 35 | 26 | 21 | 923 | 93,220 | 2022 |
Argentina | ARG | The Americas | Upper middle | 14 | 12 | 11 | 1,045 | 45,276,780 | 2021 |
Armenia | ARM | European | Upper middle | 39 | 28 | 24 | 613 | 2,790,974 | 2021 |
Australia | AUS | Western Pacific | High | 59 | 54 | 44 | 7,055 | 25,921,089 | 2023 |
Bahrain | BHR | Eastern Mediterranean | High | 46 | 36 | 32 | 1,146 | 1,463,266 | 2015 |
Bangladesh | BGD | South-East Asia | Lower middle | 26 | 18 | 16 | 58 | 169,356,251 | 2019 |
Belarus | BLR | European | Upper middle | 57 | 46 | 35 | 468 | 9,578,168 | 2021 |
Benin | BEN | Africa | Lower middle | 38 | 28 | 21 | 35 | 12,996,895 | 2018 |
Bhutan | BTN | South-East Asia | Lower middle | 37 | 28 | 22 | 120 | 777,487 | 2021 |
Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | BOL | The Americas | Lower middle | 37 | 27 | 22 | 273 | 12,079,472 | 2022 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | BIH | European | Upper middle | 28 | 25 | 23 | 692 | 3,270,943 | 2019 |
Botswana | BWA | Africa | Upper middle | 34 | 24 | 20 | 457 | 2,588,423 | 2012 |
Brazil | BRA | The Americas | Upper middle | 34 | 27 | 20 | 761 | 214,326,223 | 2022 |
Bulgaria | BGR | European | Upper middle | 63 | 61 | 53 | 1,040 | 6,885,868 | 2023 |
Burkina Faso | BFA | Africa | Low | 39 | 31 | 23 | 57 | 22,100,684 | 2020 |
Burundi | BDI | Africa | Low | 30 | 21 | 19 | 24 | 12,551,213 | 2022 |
Cabo Verde | CPV | Africa | Lower middle | 32 | 23 | 18 | 248 | 587,925 | 2018 |
Cambodia | KHM | Western Pacific | Lower middle | 25 | 16 | 15 | 122 | 16,589,024 | 2018 |
Cameroon | CMR | Africa | Lower middle | 33 | 24 | 18 | 64 | 27,198,628 | 2022 |
Central African Republic | CAF | Africa | Low | 29 | 22 | 18 | 43 | 5,457,155 | 2017 |
Chad | TCD | Africa | Low | 40 | 30 | 24 | 36 | 17,179,740 | 2022 |
Chile | CHL | The Americas | High | 34 | 24 | 22 | 1,518 | 19,493,185 | 2006 |
China | CHN | Western Pacific | Upper middle | 45 | 37 | 30 | 671 | 1,425,893,465 | 2018 |
Colombia | COL | The Americas | Upper middle | 75 | 68 | 58 | 558 | 51,516,562 | 2019 |
Comoros | COM | Africa | Lower middle | 25 | 16 | 13 | 99 | 821,626 | 2014 |
Congo | COG | Africa | Lower middle | 30 | 22 | 18 | 81 | 5,835,806 | 2019 |
Cooks Islands | COK | Western Pacific | Upper middle | 20 | 22 | 18 | 737 | 17,003 | 2017 |
Costa Rica | CRI | The Americas | Upper middle | 23 | 22 | 17 | 949 | 5,153,957 | 2019 |
Cote D’Ivoire | CIV | Africa | Lower middle | 26 | 40 | 35 | 82 | 27,478,249 | 2020 |
Croatia | HRV | European | High | 46 | 42 | 29 | 1,384 | 4,060,136 | 2022 |
Cuba | CUB | The Americas | Upper middle | 35 | 25 | 23 | 1,186 | 11,256,373 | 2018 |
Czechia | CZE | European | High | 73 | 64 | 56 | 2,499 | 10,510,751 | 2012 |
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea | PRK | South-East Asia | Low | 21 | 14 | 13 | 0.5 | 25,971,909 | 2012 |
Democratic Republic of Congo | COD | Africa | Low | 33 | 25 | 18 | 22 | 95,894,119 | 2020 |
Djibouti | DJI | Eastern Mediterranean | Lower middle | 18 | 11 | 11 | 88 | 1,105,558 | 2007 |
Dominica | DMA | The Americas | Upper middle | 35 | 26 | 21 | 482 | 72,413 | 2022 |
Dominican Republic | DOM | The Americas | Upper middle | 39 | 31 | 26 | 417 | 11,117,874 | 2018 |
Ecuador | ECU | The Americas | Upper middle | 35 | 27 | 19 | 494 | 17,797,737 | 2019 |
Egypt | EGY | Eastern Mediterranean | Lower middle | 36 | 25 | 22 | 180 | 109,262,178 | 2018 |
El Salvador | SLV | The Americas | Upper middle | 29 | 20 | 16 | 442 | 6,314,168 | 2020 |
Equatorial Guinea | GNQ | Africa | Upper middle | 19 | 13 | 11 | 256 | 1,634,466 | 2012 |
Eritrea | ERI | Africa | Low | 27 | 18 | 18 | 25 | 3,620,312 | 2010 |
Estonia | EST | European | High | 53 | 50 | 42 | 2,095 | 1,328,701 | 2012 |
Eswatini | SWZ | Africa | Lower middle | 27 | 20 | 16 | 280 | 1,192,271 | 2012 |
Ethiopia | ETH | Africa | Low | 32 | 25 | 19 | 26 | 120,283,026 | 2020 |
Fiji | FJI | Western Pacific | Upper middle | 26 | 17 | 15 | 250 | 924,610 | 2015 |
Gabon | GAB | Africa | Upper middle | 16 | 10 | 8 | 234 | 2,341,179 | 2019 |
Gambia | GMB | Africa | Low | 24 | 17 | 15 | 25 | 2,639,916 | 2019 |
Georgia | GEO | European | Upper middle | 23 | 15 | 12 | 417 | 3,757,980 | 2007 |
Ghana | GHA | Africa | Lower middle | 40 | 32 | 28 | 100 | 32,833,031 | 2017 |
Greece | GRC | European | High | 83 | 70 | 61 | 1,846 | 10,445,365 | 2007 |
Grenada | GRD | The Americas | Upper middle | 35 | 26 | 21 | 505 | 124,610 | 2022 |
Guatemala | GTM | The Americas | Upper middle | 41 | 31 | 25 | 341 | 17,608,484 | 2021 |
Guinea | GIN | Africa | Lower middle | 42 | 33 | 30 | 45 | 13,531,906 | 2021 |
Guinea-Bissau | GNB | Africa | Low | 39 | 30 | 26 | 69 | 2,060,721 | 2020 |
Guyana | GUY | The Americas | High | 37 | 27 | 21 | 471 | 804,567 | 2021 |
Haiti | HTI | The Americas | Lower middle | 31 | 23 | 19 | 58 | 11,447,569 | 2020 |
Honduras | HND | The Americas | Lower middle | 30 | 20 | 16 | 254 | 10,278,346 | 2018 |
Iceland | ISL | European | High | 19 | 21 | 7 | 6,716 | 370,335 | 2022 |
India | IND | South-East Asia | Lower middle | 34 | 26 | 18 | 74 | 1,407,563,842 | 2022 |
Indonesia | IDN | South-East Asia | Upper middle | 34 | 25 | 21 | 161 | 273,753,191 | 2021 |
Iran (Islamic Republic of) | IRN | Eastern Mediterranean | Lower middle | 60 | 53 | 37 | 393 | 87,923,433 | 2017 |
Iraq | IRQ | Eastern Mediterranean | Upper middle | 46 | 39 | 29 | 249 | 43,533,593 | 2014 |
Ireland | IRL | European | High | 56 | 54 | 45 | 6,764 | 4,986,526 | 2023 |
Jamaica | JAM | The Americas | Upper middle | 45 | 36 | 29 | 372 | 2,827,695 | 2015 |
Japan | JPN | Western Pacific | High | 4 | 1 | 0 | 4,347 | 124,612,531 | 2018 |
Jordan | JOR | Eastern Mediterranean | Lower middle | 39 | 32 | 25 | 299 | 11,148,278 | 2021 |
Kazakhstan | KAZ | European | Upper middle | 5 | 2 | 1 | 403 | 19,196,466 | 2020 |
Kenya | KEN | Africa | Lower middle | 38 | 28 | 23 | 95 | 53,005,614 | 2019 |
Kiribati | KIR | Western Pacific | Lower middle | 24 | 16 | 15 | 262 | 128,874 | 2009 |
Kyrgyzstan | KGZ | European | Lower middle | 40 | 31 | 24 | 73 | 6,527,744 | 2009 |
Latvia | LVA | European | High | 47 | 46 | 37 | 1,898 | 1,873,919 | 2023 |
Lebanon | LBN | Eastern Mediterranean | Lower middle | 35 | 27 | 22 | 307 | 5,592,631 | 2018 |
Lesotho | LSO | Africa | Lower middle | 24 | 15 | 14 | 115 | 2,281,455 | 2005 |
Liberia | LBR | Africa | Low | 22 | 15 | 16 | 112 | 5,193,416 | 2022 |
Libya | LBY | Eastern Mediterranean | Upper middle | 42 | 30 | 26 | 381 | 6,735,277 | 2019 |
Lithuania | LTU | European | High | 52 | 45 | 43 | 1,859 | 2,786,651 | 2012 |
Madagascar | MDG | Africa | Low | 32 | 20 | 16 | 18 | 28,915,653 | 2019 |
Malawi | MWI | Africa | Low | 30 | 21 | 20 | 47 | 19,889,742 | 2015 |
Malaysia | MYS | Western Pacific | Upper middle | 34 | 29 | 21 | 487 | 33,573,874 | 2023 |
Maldives | MDV | South-East Asia | Upper middle | 62 | 55 | 40 | 1,039 | 521,458 | 2021 |
Mali | MLI | Africa | Low | 34 | 24 | 20 | 40 | 21,904,983 | 2019 |
Malta | MLT | European | High | 50 | 41 | 34 | 3,642 | 526,748 | 2022 |
Marshall Islands | MHL | Western Pacific | Upper middle | 27 | 19 | 17 | 767 | 42,050 | 2007 |
Mauritania | MRT | Africa | Lower middle | 37 | 27 | 23 | 89 | 4,614,974 | 2021 |
Mauritius | MUS | Africa | Upper middle | 36 | 26 | 22 | 565 | 1,298,915 | 2022 |
Mexico | MEX | The Americas | Upper middle | 55 | 50 | 36 | 611 | 126,705,138 | 2017 |
Mongolia | MNG | Western Pacific | Lower middle | 45 | 35 | 29 | 316 | 3,347,783 | 2020 |
Montenegro | MNE | European | Upper middle | 49 | 43 | 31 | 985 | 627,859 | 2020 |
Morocco | MAR | Eastern Mediterranean | Lower middle | 36 | 26 | 20 | 221 | 37,076,585 | 2017 |
Mozambique | MOZ | Africa | Low | 29 | 20 | 18 | 45 | 32,077,072 | 2017 |
Myanmar | MMR | South-East Asia | Lower middle | 42 | 31 | 27 | 65 | 53,798,085 | 2016 |
Namibia | NAM | Africa | Upper middle | 33 | 23 | 20 | 456 | 2,530,151 | 2016 |
Nauru | NRU | Western Pacific | High | 27 | 17 | 15 | 1,530 | 12,512 | 2010 |
Nepal | NPL | South-East Asia | Lower middle | 33 | 24 | 20 | 65 | 30,034,990 | 2021 |
Nicaragua | NIC | The Americas | Lower middle | 30 | 21 | 19 | 198 | 6,850,540 | 2011 |
Niger | NER | Africa | Low | 26 | 16 | 15 | 34 | 25,252,722 | 2018 |
Nigeria | NGA | Africa | Lower middle | 42 | 34 | 29 | 84 | 213,401,323 | 2020 |
Niue | NIU | Western Pacific | Upper middle income | 26 | 19 | 19 | 1,912 | 1,937 | 2006 |
North Macedonia | MKD | European | Upper middle income | 26 | 17 | 15 | 560 | 2,103,330 | 2015 |
Oman | OMN | Eastern Mediterranean | High | 62 | 56 | 45 | 853 | 4,520,471 | 2020 |
Pakistan | PAK | Eastern Mediterranean | Lower middle | 47 | 42 | 30 | 43 | 231,402,117 | 2021 |
Palau | PLW | Western Pacific | Upper middle | 34 | 25 | 20 | 2,045 | 18,024 | 2017 |
Panama | PAN | The Americas | High | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1,415 | 4,351,267 | 2019 |
Paraguay | PRY | The Americas | Upper middle | 33 | 23 | 18 | 479 | 6,703,799 | 2009 |
Peru | PER | The Americas | Upper middle | 40 | 29 | 22 | 412 | 33,715,472 | 2018 |
Philippines | PHL | Western Pacific | Lower middle | 49 | 39 | 33 | 203 | 113,880,328 | 2022 |
Poland | POL | European | High | 52 | 46 | 39 | 1,159 | 38,307,726 | 2017 |
Portugal | PRT | European | High | 10 | 8 | 7 | 2,747 | 10,290,103 | 2020 |
Republic of Korea | KOR | Western Pacific | High | 11 | 9 | 7 | 3,260 | 51,830,139 | 2019 |
Republic of Moldova | MDA | European | Upper middle | 36 | 26 | 20 | 410 | 3,061,507 | 2021 |
Romania | ROU | European | High | 3 | 1 | 0 | 963 | 19,328,560 | 2021 |
Russian Federation | RUS | European | Upper middle | 40 | 33 | 24 | 936 | 145,102,755 | 2019 |
Rwanda | RWA | Africa | Low | 32 | 24 | 19 | 60 | 13,461,888 | 2022 |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | KNA | The Americas | High | 35 | 26 | 21 | 1,114 | 47,607 | 2022 |
Saint Lucia | LCA | The Americas | Upper middle | 35 | 26 | 21 | 585 | 179,652 | 2022 |
Saint Vincent and Grenadines | VCT | The Americas | Upper middle | 35 | 26 | 21 | 448 | 104,332 | 2022 |
Sao Tome and Principe | STP | Africa | Lower middle | 31 | 22 | 18 | 186 | 223,108 | 2022 |
Saudi Arabia | SAU | Eastern Mediterranean | High | 56 | 50 | 42 | 1,442 | 35,950,396 | 2020 |
Senegal | SEN | Africa | Lower middle | 30 | 19 | 16 | 71 | 16,876,720 | 2018 |
Serbia | SRB | European | Upper middle | 66 | 55 | 45 | 919 | 7,296,769 | 2022 |
Seychelles | SYC | Africa | High | 35 | 27 | 22 | 718 | 106,471 | 2022 |
Sierra Leone | SLE | Africa | Low | 25 | 17 | 15 | 43 | 8,420,641 | 2021 |
Slovakia | SVK | European | High | 58 | 53 | 42 | 1,685 | 5,447,622 | 2023 |
Slovenia | SVN | European | High | 68 | 59 | 49 | 2,775 | 2,119,410 | 2017–2023 |
Solomon Islands | SLB | Western pacific | Lower middle | 28 | 19 | 16 | 106 | 707,851 | 2017 |
Somalia | SOM | Eastern Mediterranean | Low | 27 | 19 | 16 | 33 | 17,065,581 | 2019 |
South Africa | ZAF | Africa | Upper middle | 20 | 13 | 11 | 584 | 59,392,255 | 2020–2021 |
South Sudan | SSD | Africa | Low | 27 | 18 | 16 | 33 | 10,748,273 | 2018 |
Spain | ESP | European | High | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3,234 | 47,486,935 | 2019 |
Sri Lanka | LKA | South-East Asia | Lower middle | 26 | 19 | 17 | 166 | 21,773,441 | 2019 |
Sudan | SDN | Eastern Mediterranean | Low | 52 | 41 | 36 | 22 | 45,657,202 | 2014 |
Suriname | SUR | The Americas | Upper middle | 28 | 19 | 17 | 299 | 612,985 | 2022 |
Sweden | SWE | European | High | 34 | 33 | 21 | 6,901 | 10,467,097 | 2023 |
Syrian Arab Republic | SYR | Eastern Mediterranean | Low | 29 | 21 | 17 | 89 | 21,324,367 | 2019 |
Tajikistan | TJK | European | Lower middle | 28 | 20 | 17 | 73 | 9,750,064 | 2009 |
Thailand | THA | South-East Asia | Upper middle | 46 | 38 | 30 | 364 | 71,601,103 | 2021 |
Timor-Leste | TLS | South-East Asia | Lower middle | 28 | 18 | 15 | 135 | 1,320,942 | 2015 |
Togo | TGO | Africa | Low | 32 | 22 | 18 | 54 | 8,644,829 | 2012 |
Tonga | TON | Western Pacific | Upper middle | 29 | 19 | 16 | 279 | 106,017 | 2007 |
Trinidad & Tobago | TTO | The Americas | High | 42 | 34 | 28 | 1,125 | 1,525,663 | 2019 |
Tunisia | TUN | Eastern Mediterranean | Lower middle | 68 | 55 | 50 | 265 | 12,262,946 | 2012 |
Tuvalu | TUV | Western Pacific | Upper middle | 23 | 16 | 13 | 1,071 | 11,204 | 2010 |
Uganda | UGA | Africa | Low | 34 | 24 | 20 | 43 | 45,853,778 | 2016 |
Ukraine | UKR | European | Lower middle | 15 | 13 | 7 | 368 | 43,531,422 | 2017 |
United Republic of Tanzania | TZA | Africa | Lower middle | 49 | 40 | 34 | 37 | 63,588,334 | 2021 |
Uruguay | URY | The Americas | High | 47 | 37 | 31 | 1,620 | 3,426,260 | 2020 |
Uzbekistan | UZB | European | Lower middle | 38 | 31 | 22 | 157 | 34,081,449 | 2021 |
Vanuatu | VUT | Western Pacific | Lower middle | 19 | 13 | 11 | 133 | 319,137 | 2014 |
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | VEN | The Americas | Upper middle | 30 | 21 | 17 | 160 | 28,199,867 | 2015 |
Viet Nam | VNM | Western Pacific | Lower middle | 30 | 19 | 17 | 173 | 97,468,029 | 2018 |
Yemen | YEM | Eastern Mediterranean | Low | 33 | 24 | 18 | 63 | 32,981,641 | 2019 |
Zambia | ZMB | Africa | Lower middle | 36 | 28 | 26 | 75 | 19,473,125 | 2020 |
Zimbabwe | ZWE | Africa | Lower middle | 35 | 28 | 23 | 63 | 15,993,524 | 2020 |