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Table 2 Associations between hypotonic hyponatremia and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing TAVR

From: Impact of hypotonic hyponatremia on outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a national inpatient sample

Outcome

Non-adjusted

Adjust I

Adjust II

In-hospital Mortality

3.79 (3.07, 4.68) < 0.0001

3.66 (2.96, 4.52) < 0.0001

1.37 (1.08, 1.74) 0.0100

Cardiogenic Shock

7.00 (6.11, 8.02) < 0.0001

6.91 (6.01, 7.93) < 0.0001

2.96 (2.52, 3.47) < 0.0001

Permanent Pacemaker Implantation

1.44 (1.28, 1.61) < 0.0001

1.44 (1.28, 1.61) < 0.0001

1.26 (1.11, 1.42) 0.0002

Atrial Fibrillation

1.35 (1.25, 1.46) < 0.0001

1.40 (1.29, 1.51) < 0.0001

1.26 (1.16, 1.37) < 0.0001

Cardiac Arrest

2.60 (1.99, 3.40) < 0.0001

2.64 (2.01, 3.45) < 0.0001

1.24 (0.93, 1.66) 0.1430

Acute Myocardial Infarction

5.19 (4.54, 5.93) < 0.0001

5.10 (4.46, 5.83) < 0.0001

3.20 (2.77, 3.70) < 0.0001

Acute Kidney Injury

5.73 (5.27, 6.22) < 0.0001

5.74 (5.28, 6.24) < 0.0001

3.39 (3.07, 3.74) < 0.0001

  1. Note: Values are presented as Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) P-value. All outcomes are compared to the reference group (normal sodium levels)
  2. Models:
  3. • Non-adjusted model: No adjustments
  4. • Adjust I model: Adjusted for Age, Sex, Race, Payment type, Median household income for patient’s ZIP Code, Hospital teaching status, Hospital bed size
  5. • Adjust II model: Adjusted for all variables in Adjust I, plus Smoking, Dyslipidemia, Obesity, Prior stroke/TIA, Prior myocardial infarction, Potassium Metabolism Disorder, Acid-Base Imbalance, Volume Overload or Volume Depletion, Diabetes