Table 1 Characteristics of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)
Variables | Total (N = 632) | Non-ICT (N = 544) | ICT (N = 88) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender, n (%) | 0.600 | |||
Female | 191 (30.22) | 167 (30.70) | 24 (27.27) | |
Male | 441 (69.78) | 377 (69.30) | 64 (72.73) | |
BMI, Mean (± SD) | 23.95 (± 4.19) | 23.96 (± 4.25) | 23.87 (± 3.77) | 0.844 |
Age, Mean (± SD) | 60.59 (± 14.07) | 61.67 (± 13.38) | 53.92 (± 16.30) | < 0.001 |
History of smoking, n (%) | 0.171 | |||
No | 485 (76.74) | 423 (77.76) | 62 (70.45) | |
Yes | 147 (23.26) | 121 (22.24) | 26 (29.55) | |
History of drinking, n (%) | 0.034 | |||
No | 496 (78.48) | 435 (79.96) | 61 (69.32) | |
Yes | 136 (21.52) | 109 (20.04) | 27 (30.68) | |
SBP, Mean (± SD) | 120.38 (± 19.53) | 120.49 (± 19.48) | 119.72 (± 19.89) | 0.731 |
DBP, Mean (± SD) | 76.51 (± 14.44) | 75.95 (± 14.09) | 79.98 (± 16.05) | 0.015 |
Heart rate, Mean (± SD) | 86.12 (± 19.36) | 85.81 (± 18.80) | 88.07 (± 22.52) | 0.374 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 0.772 | |||
No | 426 (67.41) | 365 (67.10) | 61 (69.32) | |
Yes | 206 (32.59) | 179 (32.90) | 27 (30.68) | |
Diabetes, n (%) | 1.000 | |||
No | 543 (85.92) | 467 (85.85) | 76 (86.36) | |
Yes | 89 (14.08) | 77 (14.15) | 12 (13.64) | |
Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
No | 475 (75.16) | 433 (79.60) | 42 (47.73) | |
Yes | 157 (24.84) | 111 (20.40) | 46 (52.27) | |
LVEF, Mean (± SD) | 34.27 (± 5.90) | 34.51 (± 5.86) | 32.81 (± 6.00) | 0.012 |
LAD, Mean (± SD) | 5.06 (± 0.74) | 5.04 (± 0.75) | 5.15 (± 0.68) | 0.224 |
LVDd, Mean (± SD) | 6.87 (± 0.77) | 6.84 (± 0.75) | 7.11 (± 0.88) | 0.008 |
White blood cell, M (Q₁, Q₃) | 6.37 (5.24, 7.85) | 6.34 (5.21, 7.77) | 6.88 (5.50, 8.38) | 0.057 |
Neutrophil, M (Q₁, Q₃) | 4.15 (3.19, 5.38) | 4.10 (3.18, 5.31) | 4.42 (3.36, 5.85) | 0.108 |
RBC, Mean (± SD) | 4.53 (± 0.64) | 4.50 (± 0.63) | 4.72 (± 0.68) | 0.003 |
Hemoglobin, Mean (± SD) | 136.73 (± 18.97) | 135.94 (± 18.95) | 141.60 (± 18.48) | 0.009 |
Hematocrit, Mean (± SD) | 41.23 (± 5.39) | 40.97 (± 5.38) | 42.81 (± 5.21) | 0.003 |
RBC distribution width-CV, Mean (± SD) | 14.04 (± 1.80) | 13.95 (± 1.74) | 14.60 (± 2.02) | 0.005 |
RBC distribution width-SD, Mean (± SD) | 46.48 (± 5.67) | 46.25 (± 5.50) | 47.91 (± 6.46) | 0.024 |
Platelets, Mean (± SD) | 187.57 (± 69.49) | 188.67 (± 68.90) | 180.78 (± 73.09) | 0.324 |
Total protein, Mean (± SD) | 64.04 (± 6.89) | 64.27 (± 6.80) | 62.64 (± 7.28) | 0.039 |
Albumin, Mean (± SD) | 38.34 (± 4.60) | 38.55 (± 4.51) | 37.03 (± 4.99) | 0.008 |
Total bilirubin, Mean (± SD) | 23.82 (± 15.28) | 22.79 (± 14.20) | 30.20 (± 19.69) | 0.001 |
Direct bilirubin, M (Q₁, Q₃) | 4.50 (2.79, 7.06) | 4.13 (2.65, 6.41) | 7.42 (4.57, 11.90) | < 0.001 |
Indirect bilirubin, Mean (± SD) | 17.69 (± 10.36) | 17.23 (± 9.86) | 20.53 (± 12.72) | 0.022 |
ALT, M (Q₁, Q₃) | 26.00 (17.00, 43.00) | 26.00 (16.00, 41.00) | 31.00 (20.50, 62.00) | 0.009 |
AST, M (Q₁, Q₃) | 28.00 (21.00, 38.25) | 28.00 (21.00, 38.00) | 34.00 (25.00, 55.50) | 0.001 |
Urea nitrogen, M (Q₁, Q₃) | 7.13 (5.78, 9.04) | 7.12 (5.77, 8.90) | 7.19 (6.14, 9.54) | 0.207 |
Creatinine, M (Q₁, Q₃) | 78.70 (64.70, 99.50) | 77.85 (64.27, 98.90) | 83.60 (73.88, 103.45) | 0.015 |
Uric acid, Mean (± SD) | 463.35 (± 157.06) | 458.33 (± 154.99) | 494.40 (± 166.87) | 0.046 |
Glucose, M (Q₁, Q₃) | 6.13 (5.26, 7.62) | 6.13 (5.30, 7.62) | 6.05 (4.86, 7.73) | 0.188 |
BNP, Mean (± SD) | 1510.36 (± 1448.45) | 1432.98 (± 1422.14) | 1988.67 (± 1524.68) | 0.001 |
D-dimer, M (Q₁, Q₃) | 0.68 (0.35, 1.55) | 0.59 (0.33, 1.24) | 2.15 (1.15, 3.50) | < 0.001 |
Total cholesterol, Mean (± SD) | 4.02 (± 0.99) | 4.03 (± 0.97) | 3.91 (± 1.06) | 0.279 |
Triglyceride, M (Q₁, Q₃) | 1.14 (0.91, 1.50) | 1.14 (0.90, 1.50) | 1.15 (0.96, 1.49) | 0.814 |
HDL-C, Mean (± SD) | 1.00 (± 0.29) | 1.02 (± 0.29) | 0.90 (± 0.30) | 0.001 |
LDL-C, Mean (± SD) | 2.52 (± 0.75) | 2.52 (± 0.74) | 2.51 (± 0.81) | 0.874 |
Apolipoprotein A1, Mean (± SD) | 1.06 (± 0.27) | 1.08 (± 0.25) | 0.98 (± 0.33) | 0.016 |
Apolipoprotein B, Mean (± SD) | 0.81 (± 0.20) | 0.80 (± 0.19) | 0.83 (± 0.22) | 0.231 |
Spironolactone, n (%) | 0.088 | |||
No | 53 (8.39) | 41 (7.54) | 12 (13.64) | |
Yes | 579 (91.61) | 503 (92.46) | 76 (86.36) | |
ACEIs/ARBs/ARNI, n (%) | 0.040 | |||
No | 131 (20.73) | 105 (19.30) | 26 (29.55) | |
Yes | 501 (79.27) | 439 (80.70) | 62 (70.45) | |
Beta blockers, n (%) | 0.001 | |||
No | 181 (28.64) | 142 (26.10) | 39 (44.32) | |
Yes | 451 (71.36) | 402 (73.90) | 49 (55.68) | |
SGLT-2 inhibitors, n (%) | 0.086 | |||
No | 558 (88.29) | 475 (87.32) | 83 (94.32) | |
Yes | 74 (11.71) | 69 (12.68) | 5 (5.68) | |
CHA2DS2-VASc score, Mean (± SD) | 2.16 (± 1.13) | 2.17 (± 1.14) | 2.03 (± 1.04) | 0.277 |
CHA2DS2-VASc score, n (%) | 0.220 | |||
High | 441 (69.78) | 385 (70.77) | 56 (63.64) | |
Intermediate/Low | 191 (30.22) | 159 (29.23) | 32 (36.36) |