Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Inclusion of studies | Participants | Interventions | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
Cabrera-Sole 1989 | Age not stated, presumed adult Gp 1: 44 participants Gp 2: 43 participants | Gp 1: ATP 20Â mg bolus Gp 2: Verapamil 10Â mg bolus | Reversion rate Minor A/E |
Cheng 2003 | Adults 18 to 75 years Gp 1: 60 participants (29Â M) Gp 2: 62 participants (25Â M) | Gp 1: Adenosine 3Â mg, then 6Â mg, then 9Â mg every 1 to 2Â min if no response to the previous dose. Mean dose 9.63Â mg Gp 2: Verapamil 5Â mg over 5Â min, repeated if no reversion by 15Â min. The mean dose of 7.15Â mg | Reversion rate Time to reversion Minor A/E |
Ferreira 1996 | Adults Gp 1: 25 (8Â M) Gp 2: 25 (9Â M) | Gp 1: ATP 10Â mg, then 20Â mg bolus if needed. Mean dose 10.8Â mg Gp 2: Verapamil infused at 5Â mg/min up to 15Â mg if needed. The mean dose of 9.38Â mg | Reversion rate Time to reversion Recurrence rate Minor A/E Major A/E |
Gil Madre 1995 | Adults (25Â M,25Â F) Gp 1: 26 participants Gp 2: 24 participants | Gp 1: ATP 5Â mg, then 10Â mg, then 20Â mg every 1Â min if the previous dose is not effective Gp 2: 5Â mg over 3Â min, repeated after 10Â min if no response to the first dose | Reversion rate Relapse rate Minor A/E |
Greco 1982 | Children < 13 years Gp 1: 20 participants Gp 2: 23 participants | Gp 1: ATP titrated to effect, mean dose 7.46 mg Gp 2: Verapamil titrated to effect, mean dose 2.09 mg | Reversion rate Minor A/E |
Lim 2009 | Adults Gp 1: 104 participants on adenosine, mean age 50.6 ± 17.0, 42% males Gp 1: 102 participants on verapamil (57 people) and diltiazem (59 people). Mean age 48.9 ± 18.3, 40% males | Gp 1: Adenosine, initially a 6-mg bolus, then a 12-mg bolus after 2 min, if needed Gp 2: Verapamil and diltiazem Verapamil: slow intravenous infusion at a rate of 1 mg per minute, up to a maximum dose of 20 mg Diltiazem: slow intravenous infusion at a rate of 2.5 mg per minute, up to a maximum dose of 50 mg Refractory cases were crossed over if the initial intervention was not successful after repeated admissions. These cases were counted as failures of the intervention and were not included in the final analysis. | Reversion rate Relapse rate: recurrences during 2-hour observation period Major adverse event: hypotension |
Vranic 2006 | Adults The mean age of men was 47 ± 12 years, and women 48 ± 12 years | Gp 1: Adenosine IV bolus of 6 mg, then 12 mg if needed Gp 2: Verapamil IV 5 mg up to maximum dose of 10 mg if needed | Cardioversion into sinus rhythm Duration to sinus rhythm conversion Relapse Biomarkers outcomes |
Ma 2011 | Adults Male: Female 14:13 Gp 1: 27 cases, age 42 ± 3 Gp 2: 27 cases, age 44 ± 2 Gp 3: 27 cases, age 43 ± 3 | Gp 1: ATP: 10 ~ 15 mg direct rapid injection ( 1 ~ 2 s completion), then saline rapid rinse, no response within 3 ~ 5 min again 15 mg injection, the total amount of not more than 45 mg Gp 2: Propafenone: group with propafenone 70 mg diluted by 0.9% saline 20mL slowly static injection (5 ~ 10 min to complete), if there is no response, 10 ~ 20 min after the ineffective repeat static injection of 70 mg, the total amount of not more than 280 mg Gp 3: Verapamil: 5 mg added to 5% dextrose injection 20mL slow intravenous injection (time of about 5 ~ 10 min), if not effective, 15 ~ 20 min after repeated injection 5 ~ 10 mg | Reversion rate Time from dosing to termination of SVT Adverse effects: chest tightness, hypotension |
Li 2005 | Adults (18–72 years Gp 1: 25 cases, age (46.5 ± 14.5) years, male to female ratio: 12:13. Gp 2: 26 cases, age (49.2 ± 16.3) years, male to female ratio: 13:13. | Gp 1: Adenosine: rapid intravenous injection within 2 s, followed by rapid washout with saline. The initial dose is 3 mg, the 2nd dose is 6 mg, and the 3rd dose is 12 mg at 1 min to 2 min intervals, and the dose should not be increased if a high degree of atrioventricular block is present. Gp 2: Verapamil: 5 mg diluted and given intravenously for 5 min, if the seizure is not terminated, a further 5 mg can be given 15 min later at a rate of 1 mg/min, stopping immediately when the supraventricular tachycardia is terminated during the infusion. | Reversion rate Relapse Time to reversion Adverse effects: Low blood pressure, chest tightness, shortness of breath. |
Wang 2013 | Adults Gp 1: 103 cases, age (44.3 ± 5.1) years, male to female ratio: 35:68. Gp 2: 103 cases, age (44.1 ± 5.4) years, male to female ratio: 34:69. | Gp 1 = Adenosine: Initial dose: 6 mg intravenous bolus. If SVT is not terminated after 1–2 min, administer a second dose of 12 mg via slow intravenous bolus. If the tachycardia persists, repeat with the same doses and method up to 3 times. Gp 2 = Verapamil = 5 mg, diluted with 10 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride, and slowly injected intravenously over at least 2 min. If the tachycardia is not terminated, administer 0.15 mg/kg in 100–200 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride via intravenous drip for at least 1 h. | Reversion rate |