Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the included studies
NUM | Study ID | Country | Group | N, group | Follow-up (months) | Age (years) (mean ± Sd) | Female % | BMI (kg/m²) (mean ± Sd) | Body Weight (kg) (mean ± Sd) | Waist Circumference (cm) (mean ± Sd) | SBP (mmHg) (mean ± Sd) | DBP (mmHg) (mean ± Sd) | HT rate (%) | DM rate (%) | FBS (mg/mL) (mean ± Sd) | HbA1c (%) (mean ± Sd) | LDL Cholesterol (mg/dL) (mean ± Sd) | HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL) (mean ± Sd) | Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) (mean ± Sd) | Triglycerides (mg/dL) (mean ± Sd) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | F. R. Azevedo, (2018) | Brazil | SG + TB Plus SMT | 10 | 24 | 45 ± 10 | NA | 33.4 ± 2.6 | 102.2 ± 12.2 | 112 ± 8 | NA | NA | 90% | 100% | 217 ± 103 | 9.3 ± 2.1 | 86 ± 17 | 33 ± 8 | 183 ± 45 | 369 ± 25 |
SMT | 10 | 24 | 56 ± 7 | NA | 30.3 ± 2.1 | 88.5 ± 11.7 | 106 ± 6 | NA | NA | 100% | 100% | 145 ± 71 | 8 ± 1.5 | 95 ± 33 | 41 ± 10 | 172 ± 45 | 202 ± 185 | |||
2 | A. P. Courcoulas, (2020) | America | RYGB + LLLI | 20 | 60 | 45.4 ± 7.5 | 80% | 35.7 ± 2.7 | 99.3 ± 13.4 | 110.6 ± 8.2 | 139.7 ± 12.3 | 81.3 ± 9.6 | 50% | 100% | 191.5 ± 82 | 8.6 ± 2.1 | 124.3 ± 3.8 | 41.8 ± 8.7 | 200.2 ± 40.3 | 169.7 ± 27.16 |
LAGB + LLLI | 21 | 60 | 47.7 ± 7 | 80.9% | 35.6 ± 3.4 | 100.2 ± 14 | 114.5 ± 11.9 | 134.5 ± 17 | 77.1 ± 8.6 | 61.9% | 100% | 180 ± 85.4 | 7.9 ± 2.2 | 107.4 ± 29.7 | 40 ± 9.3 | 189.5 ± 5.8 | 221.9 ± 44.4 | |||
ILWLI | 20 | 60 | 48.9 ± 4.7 | 85% | 35.7 ± 3.3 | 102 ± 14.3 | 118 ± 9.5 | 132 ± 17.9 | 76.3 ± 9.6 | 65% | 100% | 142.1 ± 28 | 7 ± 0.8 | 105.5 ± 33.3 | 44.1 ± 17.1 | 182 ± 39 | 161.2 ± 24.52 | |||
3 | Abu Dayyeh, B.K., (2022) | America | ESG + LSM | 77 | 13 | 47.3 ± 9.3 | 88% | 35.5 ± 2.6 | 98.4 ± 12.3 | 110.3 ± 10.4 | 134.2 ± 15.2 | 82.4 ± 9.3 | 49% | 23% | 101.7 ± 26.4 | 5.8 ± 0.8 | 115.0 ± 37.3 | 54.5 ± 15.5 | 193.8 ± 41.0 | 120.8 ± 63.1 |
LSM | 110 | 13 | 45.7 ± 10 | 83% | 35.7 ± 2.6 | 99.1 ± 12.8 | 109.7 ± 12.5 | 131.6 ± 15.2 | 80.9 ± 11.2 | 52.7% | 32% | 98.6 ± 28.4 | 5.8 ± 0.8 | 111.9 ± 31.8 | 54.9 ± 14 | 192 ± 37.3 | 123.3 ± 51.5 | |||
4 | David E. Cummings (2016) | America | RYGB | 15 | 12 | 52 ± 8.3 | 80% | 38 ± 3.7 | 108.8 ± 14.9 | 121.7 ± 10.2 | 129.3 ± 20.6 | 77 ± 10.2 | 80% | NA | 145.8 ± 46.8 | 7.7 ± 1 | 92.8 ± 27.7 | 42.54 ± 11.6 | 166.28 ± 38.67 | 150.58 ± 62 |
Intensive lifestyle and medical intervention | 17 | 12 | 54.6 ± 6.3 | 58% | 37.1 ± 3.5 | 112.8 ± 16.5 | 120.8 ± 10 | 120.1 ± 9.6 | 74.8 ± 7.5 | 94% | NA | 153 ± 46.8 | 7.3 ± 0.9 | 85.07 ± 23.2 | 42.54 ± 7.734 | 170.15 ± 30.936 | 203.7 ± 132.86 | |||
5 | J. B. Dixon, (2008) | Australia | LAGB + conventional diabetes care | 30 | 24 | 46.6 ± 7.4 | 50% | 37 ± 2.7 | 105.6 ± 13.8 | 114.1 ± 10.2 | 136.4 ± 15.6 | 86.6 ± 9.4 | 93% | NA | 156.7 ± 38.5 | 7.8 ± 1.2 | NA | 47.1 ± 10.1 | 201.8 ± 32.7 | 190.6 ± 106.6 |
Conventional diabetes therapy with a focus on weight loss by lifestyle change | 30 | 24 | 47.1 ± 8.7 | 56% | 37.2 ± 2.5 | 105.9 ± 14.2 | 116 ± 10 | 135.3 ± 14.4 | 84.5 ± 9.8 | 90% | NA | 158 ± 48.7 | 7.6 ± 1.4 | NA | 48.1 ± 11.1 | 198.2 ± 56.7 | 188.7 ± 111.8 | |||
6 | J. B. Dixon, (2012) | Australia | LAGB | 30 | 24 | 47.4 ± 8.8 | 43% | 46.3 ± 6 | 134.9 ± 22.1 | 136.1 ± 13.1 | 137.6 ± 18.7 | 83.1 ± 8.2 | 50% | 41% | 107.4 ± 30.6 | 6.25 ± 1.1 | NA | 44.8 ± 10.4 | 194.4 ± 42.2 | 163.7 ± 83.1 |
conventional weight loss | 30 | 24 | 50 ± 8.2 | 40% | 43.8 ± 4.9 | 126 ± 19.3 | 126.6 ± 13.1 | 142.2 ± 16.9 | 86.8 ± 8.8 | 56% | 33% | 103.7 ± 23.5 | 6.26 ± 1.1 | NA | 43.6 ± 10.4 | 192.2 ± 36.1 | 195.6 ± 96.9 | |||
7 | F. Halperin, (2014) | America | RYGB | 19 | 12 | 50.7 ± 7.6 | 68% | 36 ± 3.5 | 104.6 ± 15.5 | 117.8 ± 14.9 | 132.8 ± 10.5 | 81.7 ± 7.4 | NA | 100% | 132.3 ± 49.7 | 8.24 ± 1.42 | 88.1 ± 27.7 | 43.6 ± 9.7 | 154.2 ± 34 | 120 ± 66 |
intensive lifestyle and medical management (WhyWAIT) | 19 | 12 | 52.6 ± 4.3 | 52% | 36.5 ± 3.4 | 102.7 ± 17 | 114.1 ± 12.2 | 126.3 ± 14.7 | 76.6 ± 8.8 | NA | 100% | 162.2 ± 53.8 | 8.83 ± 1.01 | 98.9 ± 29.3 | 39.1 ± 9.9 | 162.5 ± 38.6 | 156 ± 76 | |||
8 | P. Koehestanie, (2014) | Netherlands | Endoscopic DJBL + dietary intervention | 38 | 12 | 49.5 ± 12.3 | 34% | 34.6 ± 4.3 | 105.4 ± 13.7 | NA | 147 ± 13 | 92 ± 10.7 | NA | 100% | 198.2 ± 49.9 | 8.3 ± 1 | 88.9 ± 35.7 | 42.5 ± 14.8 | 170.1 ± 32.5 | 150.6 ± 136.3 |
dietary intervention | 39 | 12 | 49 ± 8.4 | 35% | 36.8 ± 7.2 | 110.8 ± 22.5 | NA | 152 ± 16.9 | 90 ± 10.7 | NA | 100% | 198.2 ± 52.6 | 8.3 ± 1 | 92.8 ± 35.7 | 46.4 ± 11.9 | 170.1 ± 50.6 | 177.1 ± 109 | |||
9 | Z. Liang (2013) | China | RYGB | 31 | 12 | 50.8 ± 5.4 | 29% | 30.5 ± 0.9 | 82 ± 3.5 | NA | 160.8 ± 7.8 | 88.6 ± 5.5 | NA | NA | 169.4 ± 20.9 | 10.5 ± 1.2 | 148.5 ± 24.4 | 34.4 ± 6.6 | 201.5 ± 21.3 | 300.3 ± 104.5 |
usual care with Exenatide therapy | 34 | 12 | 50.9 ± 5.9 | 29% | 30.3 ± 1.4 | 81.8 ± 3.7 | NA | 159.9 ± 8.6 | 85.8 ± 11 | NA | NA | 168.6 ± 23.1 | 10.5 ± 1.5 | 143.9 ± 24.7 | 34.8 ± 5 | 205.3 ± 35.6 | 315.3 ± 95.7 | |||
usual care without Exenatide therapy | 36 | 12 | 51.8 ± 6.7 | 33% | 30.3 ± 2 | 81.3 ± 5 | NA | 156.6 ± 11.8 | 87.8 ± 6.8 | NA | NA | 169.2 ± 25.9 | 10.9 ± 1.4 | 143.9 ± 16.2 | 34 ± 5.8 | 194.5 ± 39.4 | 309.1 ± 116.9 | |||
10 | G. Mingrone, (2021) | Italy | RYGB | 120 | 20 | 43.9 ± 7.6 | 10% | 44.2 ± 5.2 | 128.7 ± 21.3 | 129 ± 14.9 | 145.8 ± 20.5 | 91.5 ± 14.2 | NA | NA | 171.2 ± 59.5 | 8.6 ± 1.4 | 108.3 ± 34.8 | 42.5 ± 7.7 | 177.9 ± 38.7 | 150.6 ± 79.7 |
BPD | 120 | 20 | 43.6 ± 8.2 | 8% | 44.4 ± 9 | 128 ± 28.7 | 139.5 ± 22.3 | 154.5 ± 29.7 | 95.9 ± 12.9 | NA | NA | 174.8 ± 61.3 | 8.9 ± 1.7 | 135.3 ± 50.3 | 38.7 ± 7.7 | 212.7 ± 58 | 194.9 ± 79.7 | |||
medical therapy plus lifestyle interventions | 120 | 20 | 43.5 ± 7.3 | 8% | 44.6 ± 5.7 | 137 ± 19 | 127 ± 13.8 | 155.2 ± 34.2 | 96 ± 17.5 | NA | NA | 178.4 ± 61.3 | 8.5 ± 1.2 | 154.7 ± 54.1 | 38.7 ± 7.7 | 235.9 ± 61.9 | 221.4 ± 70.9 | |||
11 | Nordstrand N, et al. (2012) | Norway | RYGB | 49 | 12 | 44.4 ± 9.5 | 67% | 45/5 ± 5/5 | 134 ± 22 | NA | 150 ± 18 | 83 ± 10 | NA | 28% | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
ILI | 41 | 12 | 47.5 ± 10.6 | 70% | 42/3 ± 4 | 122 ± 14 | NA | 146 ± 20 | 79 ± 9 | NA | 31% | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||
12 | Tur JJ, et al. (2013) | Spain | BPD | 37 | 12 | 44.1 ± 9.8 | 70% | 49.2 ± 5.9 | 132/8 ± 24.4 | NA | 132.6 ± 14.4 | 82.8 ± 8.9 | NA | 24% | 110.4 ± 26.9 | 6.3 ± 0.8 | 118 ± 28.9 | 40.2 ± 6.2 | 178.8 ± 38 | 136.5 ± 63.9 |
COT | 46 | 12 | 46.7 ± 10.3 | 63% | 46.8 ± 4.6 | 126 ± 17.9 | NA | 136.1 ± 14 | 86.6 ± 10 | NA | 23% | 116.4 ± 40.6 | 7.8 ± 1.7 | 119.2 ± 23 | 44.1 ± 9.1 | 194.4 ± 31.8 | 151.4 ± 66.7 | |||
ILI | 60 | 12 | 47.8 ± 11.5 | 71% | 45.8 ± 5 | 122.2 ± 20.1 | NA | 131.9 ± 18.7 | 86.8 ± 10 | NA | 25% | 122.1 ± 40.1 | 6.7 ± 1.7 | 121.8 ± 31.8 | 49.4 ± 10.4 | 202.8 ± 37.2 | 162.1 ± 62.4 | |||
13 | Wentworth JM, et al. (2014) | Australia | LAGB + MDC | 25 | 24 | 53 ± 6 | 76% | 29 ± 1 | 81 ± 10 | NA | 130 ± 18 | 83 ± 10 | NA | NA | 133.3 ± 37.8 | 6.9 ± 1.2 | NA | 47.9 ± 15.2 | 187.2 ± 46 | 135 ± 99 |
MDC | 26 | 24 | 53 ± 7 | 65% | 29 ± 1 | 83 ± 12 | NA | 131 ± 11 | 84 ± 9 | NA | NA | 147.7 ± 41.4 | 7.2 ± 1.1 | NA | 44 ± 15.2 | 195 ± 61.6 | 164.7 ± 49.5 | |||
14 | Xiang AH, et al. (2018) | USA | gastric banding | 44 | 24 | 47 ± 10 | 77% | 35.7 ± 2.9 | 97.5 ± 12.2 | NA | 127.1 ± 10.5 | 78.3 ± 7.5 | NA | 43% | 111.7 ± 12.6 | 5.9 ± 2.6 | 104.4 ± 27.1 | 46.4 ± 11.6 | 174 ± 27.1 | 116.9 ± 137.55 |
metformin | 44 | 24 | 51 ± 9 | 79% | 35 ± 2.9 | 96.1 ± 10.9 | NA | 126.4 ± 10 | 75.9 ± 8.1 | NA | 40% | 111.7 ± 14.4 | 5.8 ± 2.6 | 104.4 ± 30.9 | 46.4 ± 11.6 | 174 ± 34.8 | 108.9 ± 158.2 | |||
15 | Ikramudin et al. (2015) | USA | Roux-en-Y | 60 | 24 | 49 ± 9 | 63% | 34.9 ± 3 | NA | 114 ± 10 | 127 ± 15 | 78 ± 12 | 70% | 100% | 205.2 ± 52.2 | 9.6 ± 1 | 104.4 ± 35 | 42.5 ± 1 | 181.7 ± 39 | 186.3 ± 79.8 |
intensive lifestyle and medical management | 59 | 24 | 49 ± 8 | 57% | 34.3 ± 3 | NA | 113 ± 12 | 132 ± 14 | 79 ± 10 | 69% | 100% | 214.2 ± 57.6 | 9.6 ± 1 | 104.4 ± 43 | 42.5 ± 8 | 189.5 ± 46 | 194.1 ± 79.8 | |||
16 | Ikramudin et al. (2013) | USA | Roux-en-Y | 60 | 12 | 49 ± 9 | 63% | 34.9 ± 3 | 98.8 ± 3.6 | 114 ± 10 | 127 ± 15 | 78 ± 12 | 70% | 100% | 222 ± 73.5 | 9.6 ± 1 | 104.4 ± 35 | 42.5 ± 1 | 181.7 ± 39 | 186.3 ± 1 |
Medical management | 60 | 12 | 49 ± 8 | 56% | 34.3 ± 3 | 97.9 ± 4.2 | 113 ± 12 | 132 ± 14 | 79 ± 10 | 68% | 98% | 207 ± 56.1 | 9.6 ± 1 | 104.4 ± 43 | 42.5 ± 8 | 189.5 ± 46 | 194.1 ± 1 | |||
17 | Ikramudin et al. (2018) | USA | Roux-en-Y | 55 | 60 | 49 ± 9 | 67% | 34.9 ± 3 | 98 ± 17 | 114 ± 10 | 127 ± 15 | 78 ± 12 | NA | NA | 222 ± 75 | 9.6 ± 1 | 102 ± 35 | 41 ± 11 | 181 ± 38 | 200 ± 105 |
Medical management | 43 | 60 | 48 ± 8 | 72% | 34.4 ± 3 | 99 ± 14 | 113 ± 12 | 132 ± 14 | 79 ± 10 | NA | NA | 205 ± 54 | 9.6 ± 1 | 102 ± 41 | 41 ± 8 | 186 ± 42 | 211 ± 112 | |||
18 | Schavion et al. (2018) | Brazil | Roux-en-Y + Medical management | 50 | 12 | 43 ± 9 | 72% | 37.4 ± 2 | 102 ± 14 | 112.2 ± 8 | 123 ± 12 | 77.6 ± 7 | 100% | 8% | 99.8 ± 18 | 5.7 ± 1 | 121.5 ± 30 | 46.4 ± 15 | NA | 166.8 ± 104.8 |
Medical management | 50 | 12 | 45 ± 9 | 68% | 36.4 ± 3 | 100.1 ± 14 | 111 ± 9 | 122.8 ± 13 | 78 ± 9 | 100% | 8% | 99.7 ± 20 | 5.7 ± 1 | 120.8 ± 35 | 48.3 ± 13 | NA | 154.7 ± 68 | |||
19 | Simonson (2019) | USA | LAGB | 18 | 36 | 51 ± 12.7 | 50% | 36.4 ± 3 | 106.8 ± 10.4 | 115.9 ± 7.1 | 128.5 ± 7.4 | 79.1 ± 5.3 | NA | NA | 167.4 ± 63.8 | 8.41 ± 1.1 | 92.3 ± 26.6 | 36.7 ± 9.4 | 155.3 ± 33.9 | 175.9 ± 119.3 |
Control | 22 | 36 | 51.6 ± 7.5 | 40% | 36.7 ± 4.2 | 111.6 ± 17.9 | 114.4 ± 9.4 | 126.2 ± 13 | 80.9 ± 8.1 | NA | NA | 154.7 ± 47.8 | 8.08 ± 1.23 | 91.5 ± 26.6 | 42 ± 12 | 160.6 ± 28.6 | 145.1 ± 104.3 | |||
20 | Schiavon (2019) | Brazil | RYGB | 50 | 12 | 43.1 ± 9.2 | 82% | 37.4 ± 2.4 | 102 ± 13.6 | NA | 126 ± 40.2 | 106.4 ± 25 | 100% | 8% | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Control | 50 | 12 | 44.6 ± 9.2 | 70% | 36.4 ± 2.9 | 100.1 ± 14 | NA | 124.6 ± 28.1 | 108.6 ± 25.6 | 100% | 8% | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||
21 | Schiavon (2024) | Brazil | RYGB | 50 | 60 | 43.6 ± 9.2 | 60% | 37.3 ± 3.67 | 101.95 ± 14.44 | 112.23 ± 10.47 | 122.98 ± 15.75 | 77.6 ± 10.83 | 100% | 6% | 98.36 ± 19.66 | 5.7 ± 0.72 | 119.1 ± 43.9 | 45.01 ± 14.01 | NA | 154.56 ± 80.2 |
Control | 50 | 60 | 45.6 ± 8.5 | 46% | 36.4 ± 3.67 | 100.09 ± 14.43 | 111.13 ± 10.4 | 122.76 ± 15.75 | 77.34 ± 10.83 | 100% | 2% | 98.89 ± 18.96 | 5.73 ± 0.7 | 115.5 ± 41.59 | 46.56 ± 14.06 | NA | 144.43 ± 72.9 | |||
22 | Schiavon (2020) | Brazil | RYGB | 50 | 36 | 43 ± 9.1 | 72% | 37.4 ± 3.43 | 102 ± 13.89 | 112.2 ± 9.2 | 123 ± 11.6 | 77.6 ± 7 | 100% | 8% | 98.4 ± 9.39 | 5.7 ± 0.63 | 121.5 ± 32.49 | 46.4 ± 14.42 | NA | 152.5 ± 79.21 |
Control | 50 | 36 | 44.9 ± 9.2 | 56% | 36.4 ± 3.43 | 100.1 ± 13.72 | 111.1 ± 9.2 | 122.8 ± 12.9 | 78 ± 9.3 | 100% | 4% | 98.6 ± 8.91 | 5.73 ± 0.62 | 120.8 ± 32.49 | 48.3 ± 14.42 | NA | 143.9 ± 72.89 | |||
23 | O’Brien (2006) | Australia | “laparoscopic adjustable gastric band” | 39 | 24 | 41.8 ± 6.4 | 76% | 33.7 ± 1.8 | 96.1 ± 11.2 | 103.3 ± 10 | 131.4 ± 14 | 83.2 ± 11.7 | 23% | NA | 95.4 ± 34.2 | NA | 135.1 ± 52.1 | 50.2 ± 15.8 | 208.8 ± 62.7 | 128.3 ± 75.2 |
“very-lowcalorie diets, pharmacotherapy, and lifestyle change” | 40 | 24 | 40.7 ± 7 | 77% | 33.5 ± 1.4 | 93.6 ± 11.9 | 99.4 ± 9.4 | 130.3 ± 13.5 | 81 ± 9.1 | 17% | NA | 90.1 ± 10.8 | NA | 135.1 ± 65.6 | 54.1 ± 25.9 | 215.7 ± 62.8 | 123.9 ± 79.6 | |||
24 | O’Brien (2010) | Australia | “Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric” | 25 | 24 | 16.5 ± 1.4 | 64% | 42.3 ± 6.1 | 120.7 ± 25.3 | 120.8 ± 14.2 | 122 ± 13.9 | 72.4 ± 7.5 | NA | NA | 89 ± 20 | NA | NA | 46 ± 12 | 173 ± 27 | 124 ± 44 |
optimal lifestyle program | 25 | 24 | 16.6 ± 1.2 | 72% | 40.4 ± 3.1 | 115.4 ± 14 | 118.1 ± 10.6 | 132.8 ± 15.9 | 76.5 ± 10.5 | NA | NA | 82 ± 7.2 | NA | NA | 46 ± 8 | 178 ± 27 | 141 ± 141 | |||
25 | Ospanov (2021) | Australia | “unstapled laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass with an obstructive stapleless pouch and anastomosis” | 20 | 12 | 38.6 ± 6.89 | 90% | 39.88 ± 5.8 | 108.95 ± 15.69 | NA | 135.8 ± 6.93 | 92.25 ± 3.97 | NA | 35% | 117.18 ± 35.82 | 5.71 ± 5.36 | NA | NA | 209.97 ± 20.10 | 178.02 ± 42.5 |
“stapled laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass-one anastomosis gastric bypass” | 20 | 12 | 48.7 ± 8.54 | 75% | 45.91 ± 5.5 | 128.95 ± 23.71 | NA | 142.4 ± 25.11 | 93.9 ± 4.15 | NA | 35% | 106.02 ± 13.86 | 5.84 ± 0.61 | NA | NA | 200.31 ± 33.25 | 160.31 ± 63.7 | |||
“nonsurgical weight loss therapy via a hypocaloric diet with energy restriction” | 20 | 12 | 47.25 ± 9.85 | 65% | 36.51 ± 8.1 | 101.13 ± 26.09 | NA | 138.9 ± 14.03 | 92.95 ± 3.24 | NA | 30% | 108.9 ± 17.82 | 5.81 ± 0.7 | NA | NA | 213.07 ± 27.45 | 163.85 ± 43.3 | |||
26 | Parikh (2014) | USA | bypass, sleeve or band | 29 | 6 | 46.8 ± 8.1 | 79% | 32.8 ± 1.7 | 81.96 ± 7.71 | 106.3 ± 10.1 | 126.4 ± 16.6 | 77 ± 13.3 | NA | NA | 149.6 ± 45.5 | 7.7 ± 1.4 | 101.8 ± 88.2 | 47.2 ± 15.5 | 193.4 ± 61.7 | 196.9 ± 188.2 |
intensive medical weight management | 28 | 6 | 53.9 ± 8.4 | 78% | 32.4 ± 1.8 | 83.68 ± 10.79 | 106.7 ± 7.7 | 129.1 ± 19 | 75.3 ± 8.1 | NA | NA | 143.6 ± 46.9 | 7.9 ± 1.3 | 116.1 ± 55.9 | 46.4 ± 13.2 | 193.9 ± 66.6 | 156.5 ± 69.1 | |||
27 | Ruban (2021) | UK | “Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass Liner and intensive medical care” | 85 | 24 | 51.6 ± 7.9 | 45% | 36.8 ± 5 | 107.9 ± 17.1 | 118.7 ± 12.3 | 130.3 ± 11.6 | 82 ± 9.7 | 58% | NA | NA | 8.9 ± 0.9 | 95.5 ± 32.8 | 44.3 ± 9.6 | 175.6 ± 37.05 | 178.9 ± 96.5 |
intensive medical care | 85 | 24 | 51.9 ± 8.5 | 45% | 35.8 ± 4.2 | 104.2 ± 14.9 | 117.8 ± 16 | 133.3 ± 15 | 83.5 ± 10.6 | 62% | NA | NA | 8.7 ± 0.9 | 93.9 ± 35.1 | 44.3 ± 11.5 | 170.6 ± 38.6 | 163.9 ± 72.6 | |||
28 | Philip R. Schauer (2014) | USA | MEDICAL THERAPY | 40 | 36 | 50.3 ± 7.51 | 67% | 36.4 ± 2.99 | 113.3 ± 9.33 | 113.3 ± 9.33 | 135.3 ± 17.35 | 82.08 ± 11.15 | 65% | 100% | 157 ± 64.8 | 9 ± 1.4 | 100.9 ± 36.1 | 48.8 ± 12.95 | NA | 162 ± 107.3 |
RYGB | 48 | 36 | 48 ± 8.45 | 58% | 37.1 ± 3.39 | 116.6 ± 9.25 | 116.6 ± 9.25 | 135 ± 19.05 | 81.85 ± 10.18 | 73% | 100% | 193 ± 72.5 | 9.3 ± 1.4 | 92.4 ± 29.03 | 45.4 ± 13.01 | NA | 179 ± 102.3 | |||
SG | 49 | 36 | 47.8 ± 8.08 | 77% | 36.1 ± 3.91 | 113.6 ± 10.21 | 113.6 ± 10.21 | 135.8 ± 18.82 | 82.18 ± 11.59 | 61% | 59% | 164 ± 71 | 9.5 ± 1.7 | 105.8 ± 39.5 | 44.5 ± 12.01 | NA | 160 ± 70.2 | |||
29 | Philip R. Schauer (2012) | USA | MEDICAL THERAPY | 50 | 12 | 49.7 ± 7.4 | 62% | 36.8 ± 3 | 106.5 ± 14.7 | 114.5 ± 9.4 | 135.5 ± 17 | 82.6 ± 11 | 52% | 82% | 155 ± 65.6 | 8.9 ± 1.4 | 101 ± 37.3 | 48.4 ± 13.1 | NA | 166 ± 103 |
RYGB | 50 | 12 | 48.3 ± 8.4 | 58% | 37 ± 3.3 | 106.7 ± 14.8 | 116.4 ± 9.2 | 134.6 ± 18.7 | 81.8 ± 10.2 | 70% | 100% | 193 ± 68.7 | 9.3 ± 1.4 | 91.8 ± 28.8 | 46.2 ± 13.4 | NA | 167 ± 100 | |||
SG | 50 | 12 | 47.9 ± 8 | 44% | 36.2 ± 3.9 | 100.8 ± 16.4 | 114 ± 10.4 | 135.8 ± 18.8 | 82.2 ± 11.6 | 60% | 98% | 164 ± 70.2 | 9.5 ± 1.7 | 105.8 ± 39.5 | 44.5 ± 12 | NA | 160 ± 69.4 |