Table 4 Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis of anemia among patients with heart failure admitted at JUMC, 2024 (n = 269)

Age category

15–24

20 (69)

9 (31)

2.05(0.83–5.08)

0.119

25–54

49 (45)

60 (55)

0.75(0.42–1.35)

0.35

55–64

25 (46.3)

29 (53.7)

0.79(0.39-16)

0.52

≥ 65

40 (51.9)

37 (48.1)

1

Sex

Male

90 (54.2)

76 (45.8)

1

Female

44 (42.7)

59 (57.3)

1.59 (0.96–2.61)

0.067

History of DM

Yes

12 (57.1)

9 (42.9)

1.4(0.56–3.39)

0.486

No

122(49.2)

126 (50.8)

1

History of HTN

Yes

45 (57)

34 (43)

1.5 (0.88–2.54)

0.132

No

89 (46.8)

101 (53.2)

1

Ischemic Heart disease

Yes

46(46.9)

52(53.1)

0.83(0.5–1.37)

0.47

No

88(51.5)

83(48.5)

1

CRVHD

Yes

37(55.2)

30(44.8)

1.34(0.77–2.33)

0.31

No

97(48)

105(52)

1

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Yes

28(44.4)

35(55.6)

0.75(0.428–1.33)

0.33

No

106(51.5)

100(48.5)

1

HHD

Yes

10(58.8)

7(41.2)

1.47(0.54–3.99

0.44

No

124(49.2)

128(50.8)

1

DVD

Yes

9(60)

6(40)

1.55(0.54–4.48)

0.42

No

125(49.2)

129(50.8)

1

Stage C/NYHA Class

Stage II

4 (23.5)

13 (76.5)

1

Stage III

22(44.9)

27(55.1)

2.65(0.76–9.28)

0.13

Stage III-IV

108 (53.2)

95(46.8)

3.69(1.17–11.72)

0.026

Use of ACEI

Yes

27(50.9)

26(49.1)

1.06(0.58–1.923

0.85

No

107(49.5)

109(50.5)

1

eGFR category

< 15

11 (91.7)

1 (8.3)

15.68 (1.96–125.1)

0.009

15-29.99

10 (76.9)

3 (23.1)

4.75 (1.24–18.08)

0.022

30-59.99

32 (71.1)

13 (28.9)

3.51 (1.69–7.30)

0.001

60-89.99

27 (39.7)

41 (60.3)

0.94(0.52–1.71)

0.84

≥ 90

54 (41.2)

77 (58.8)

1

Sodium category

Normal

69 (40.4)

102 (59.6)

1

Hyponatremia

64 (68.8)

29 (31.2)

3.26 (1.9–5.57)

< 0.001

Hypernatremia

1 (20)

4 (80)

0.37 (0.04–3.38)

0.38

Potassium level

Normal

100(45)

122(55)

1

Hypokalemia

25(69.4)

11(30.6)

2.77(1.3–5.9)

0.008

3.88(1.6–9.43)

0.003

Hyperkalemia

9(81.8)

2(18.2)

5.49(1.16–25.99)

0.032

1.68(0.28–9.98)

0.57

Creatinine

Normal

77(40.5)

113(59.5)

1

1

High

57(72.2)

22(27.8)

3.8(2.15–6.73)

< 0.001

3.58(1.74–7.38)

0.001

EF with ECG

≤ 40%

56 (46.3)

65 (53.7)

1

41–49%

18 (52.9)

16 (47.1)

0.77 (0.35–1.64)

0.49

≥ 50

60 (52.6)

54 (47.4)

0.98 (0.45–2.12)

0.33

Re-admission

No

89 (41.8)

124 (58.2)

1

1

Yes

45 (80.4)

11 (19.6)

5.7 (2.79–11.63)

< 0.001

3.7(1.63–8.39)

0.002

Length of hospital stay

< 8 days

26(25.5)

76(74.5)

1

1

≥ 8 days

108(64.7)

59(35.3)

5.35(3.1–9.24)

< 0.001

4.11(2.17–7.78)

< 0.001

Mortality

Yes

5(62.5)

3(37.5)

1.71(0.4–7.28)

0.47

No

129(49.4)

132(50.6)

1