Fig. 4

Trends in sex parity ratios for ischemic heart disease by socio-demographic index (SDI) from 1990 to 2021. This figure illustrates the changes in sex parity ratios (SPRs) for mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), incidence, and prevalence of IHD across five SDI quintiles. The data shows a significant decrease in SPRs in mortality and DALYs, particularly in lower SDI regions, while disparities in incidence and prevalence have remained more stable across all regions. Notably, the most substantial declines in sex disparity for mortality and DALYs occurred in low-middle and low-SDI countries, while high and high-middle SDI countries showed minimal changes