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Table 5 Factors associated with acute coronary syndrome in patients reported to the emergency department, National referral hospital, 2022–2023

From: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of acute coronary syndrome patients in a PCI-Limited setting: a prospective study from Bhutan

  

STEMI

NSTEMI

UA

Risk factors

OR (95%CI)

P-value

OR (95%CI)

P-value

OR (95%CI)

P-value

Age (years)

      
 

< 60

1

 

1

 

1

 
 

60 or more

1.1 (0.4–3.2)

0.805

0.4 (0.2–1.2)

0.114

9.5 (1.1–86.9)

0.046

Gender

      
 

Female

1

 

1

 

1

 
 

Male

0.3 (0.1–1.5)

0.155

2.3 (0.6–8.5)

0.204

0.9 (0.1–7.7)

0.993

Time of onset to reach emergency

   
 

< 24 h

1

 

1

 

1

 
 

24 or more hours

3.8 (1.2–11.8)

0.020

0.4 (0.1–1.1)

0.079

0.5 (0.1–2.8)

0.400

Past medical history

      
 

Hypertension

1.2 (0.3–4.7)

0.780

0.6 (0.2–2.1)

0.466

2.2 (0.2–16.9)

0.447

 

Diabetes

2.5 (0.4–16.4)

0.316

0.3 (0.1–1.9)

0.217

0

 
 

Dyslipidemia

0.2 (0.2–1.2)

0.094

3.3 (0.6–18.7)

0.162

0

 

Smoking

1.3 (0.3–5.4)

0.677

0.5 (0.1–1.9)

0.339

3.0 (0.3–36.0)

0.375

Family history of CAD

0.9 (0.9-1.0)

0.990

0

0

0

 

History of CAD

0.9 (0.1–20.0)

0.994

0.9 (0.1–15.1)

0.937

0

 
  1. CAD: Cardiovascular disease; CI: confidence interval; NSTEMI: non-ST elevation myocardial infraction; OR: Odds ratio; STEMI: ST elevation myocardial infraction; UA: unstable angina