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Table 1 Baseline characteristic of the study population according to LDL/HDL ratio

From: LDL-C/HDL-C ratio as a predictor of atherosclerosis in the Japanese population: insights from a cross-sectional study

Variables

Total (n = 912)

Q1 (n = 304)

Q2 (n = 304)

Q3 (n = 304)

P valve

Sex, n (%)

    

< 0.001

 Male

592 (64.9)

148 (48.7)

196 (64.5)

248 (81.6)

 

 Female

320 (35.1)

156 (51.3)

108 (35.5)

56 (18.4)

 

Age, (years)

51.1 ± 9.6

50.5 ± 10.1

51.9 ± 9.4

51.0 ± 9.2

0.199

BMI, (kg/m2)

23.1 ± 3.1

21.8 ± 2.7

23.2 ± 2.8

24.3 ± 3.3

< 0.001

SBP, (mmHg)

120.2 ± 15.0

116.8 ± 14.3

121.2 ± 14.7

122.7 ± 15.3

< 0.001

DBP, (mmHg)

76.1 ± 10.0

73.6 ± 9.8

76.5 ± 10.0

78.3 ± 9.7

< 0.001

AST, (IU/L)

20.9 ± 8.1

20.0 ± 7.0

20.5 ± 8.4

22.1 ± 8.6

< 0.001

ALT, (IU/L)

19.0 (14.0, 26.0)

16.0 (13.0, 20.0)

19.0 (14.0, 25.0)

22.5 (16.0, 34.0)

0.004

GGT, (IU/L)

4.4 ± 0.8

4.1 ± 0.8

4.4 ± 0.9

4.6 ± 0.8

< 0.001

FPG, (mg/dl)

98.1 ± 14.1

95.0 ± 9.2

97.6 ± 17.7

101.6 ± 13.3

< 0.001

UA, (mg/dl)

5.3 ± 1.4

4.8 ± 1.3

5.2 ± 1.4

5.8 ± 1.3

< 0.001

TC, (mg/dl)

209.8 ± 36.0

193.5 ± 32.0

209.3 ± 33.9

226.8 ± 34.1

< 0.001

TG, (mg/dl)

81.0 (53.0, 124.0)

53.0 (39.8, 76.2)

77.5 (58.0, 108.5)

121.5 (88.0, 175.2)

< 0.001

HDL-c, (mg/dl)

53.5 ± 14.6

66.2 ± 13.5

52.8 ± 9.9

41.6 ± 7.4

< 0.001

LDL-c, (mg/dl)

128.1 ± 31.7

102.9 ± 23.0

130.4 ± 24.1

150.9 ± 27.2

< 0.001

eGFR, (mL/min/1.73 m2)

70.4 ± 12.0

73.2 ± 12.6

69.5 ± 12.0

68.5 ± 11.0

< 0.001

ABI

56.0 ± 277.6

37.6 ± 222.5

64.3 ± 290.6

66.2 ± 312.0

0.365

baPWV (cm/s)

1415.8 ± 246.3

1370.1 ± 214.4

1427.3 ± 252.5

1449.8 ± 263.1

< 0.001

Smoking status, n (%)

   

< 0.001

 None or Past

715 (78.4)

263 (86.5)

233 (76.6)

219 (72)

 

 Current

197 (21.6)

41 (13.5)

71 (23.4)

85 (28)

 

Alcohol consumption, n (%)

   

0.032

 None or minimal

595 (65.2)

185 (60.9)

193 (63.5)

217 (71.4)

 

 Light

149 (16.3)

49 (16.1)

50 (16.4)

50 (16.4)

 

 Moderate

90 (9.9)

36 (11.8)

35 (11.5)

19 (6.2)

 

 Heavy

78 (8.6)

34 (11.2)

26 (8.6)

18 (5.9)

 

Habit of exercise, n (%)

   

0.002

 No

719 (80.2)

222 (74.5)

238 (80.1)

259 (86)

 

 Yes

177 (19.8)

76 (25.5)

59 (19.9)

42 (14)

 

Fatty liver, n (%)

   

< 0.001

 No

646 (70.9)

269 (88.5)

228 (75.2)

149 (49)

 

 Yes

265 (29.1)

35 (11.5)

75 (24.8)

155 (51)

 
  1. Data were mean ± SD or median (IQR) for skewed variables or numbers (proportions) for categorical variables
  2. LDL/HDL ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio; Q1, Q2, and Q3 are quartiles of the LDL/HDL ratio. BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, g-glutamyltranspeptidase; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; UA, uric acid; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ABI, ankle-brachial index; baPWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity
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