Fig. 4

Comparison of the PVs and PV changes at the LV apex. Comparison between patients in SR and patients with AF in the supine position, including maximum PV (a), minimum PV (b), mean PV (c), PV change (d), and PV change rate (e). AF, atrial fibrillation; LV, left ventricular; PV, pixel value; SR, sinus rhythm