Table 1 Characteristics of included articles
Study | Year | Language | Country | Groups | Male/Female | Age | n | Study design | Years of follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cameron | 2010 | English | Australia | Hip fractures | 45/184 | 86.4 ± 6.3 | 229 | nested case-control (CVD to HF) | 1999 and 2003 |
Controls | 45/184 | 86.3 ± 6.0 | 229 | ||||||
Carbone | 2010 | English | USA | CVDs | 726/800 | 73.9 ± 5.7 | 1526 | Cohort study (CVD to HF) | 1989 and 1990 |
Controls | 1636/2451 | 72.3 ± 5.5 | 4087 | ||||||
Chiang | 2013 | English | Taiwan | Hip fractures | 3930/4828 | 70.0 ± 17.4 | 8758 | Cohort study (HF to CVD) | 2000 and 2009 |
Controls | 15,720/19,312 | 70.0 ± 17.4 | 35,032 | ||||||
Friesendorff | 2016 | English | Sweden | Hip fractures | 256/757 | - | 1013 | Cohort study (CVD to HF) | 1984 and 2005 |
Controls | 512/1514 | - | 2026 | ||||||
Gerber | 2011 | English | Israel | CVDs | 444/517 | 75.5 ± 12.7 | 961 | Case-control study (HF to CVD) | 1979 and 2002 |
Controls | 444/517 | 75.4 ± 12.6 | 961 | ||||||
Gerber | 2013 | English | Israel | Hip fractures | 460/1444 | 82.2 ± 9.5 | 1904 | Case-control study (CVD to HF) | 1985 and 2006 |
Controls | 460/1444 | 82.1 ± 9.4 | 1904 | ||||||
Hyde | 2013 | English | Australia | Hip fractures | - | 74.6 | 343 | Cohort study (CVD to HF) | 1996 and 1999 |
Controls | - | 72 | 11,751 | ||||||
Kang | 2010 | English | Taiwan | Hip fractures | 1183/918 | 76.7 ± 7.2 | 2101 | Case-control study (HF to CVD) | 2017 and 2019 |
Controls | 349/2754 | 77.4 ± 8.8 | 6303 | ||||||
Liu | 2017 | English | Taiwan | CVDs | 3224/3423 | - | 6647 | nested case-control (CVD to HF) | 2000 and 2004 |
Controls | 12,896/13,692 | - | 26,588 | ||||||
Meng1 | 2015 | Chinese | China | Hip fractures | 121/194 | 76 ± 8 | 315 | Case-control study (HF to CVD) | 2010 and 2013 |
Controls | 132/183 | 75 ± 7 | 315 | ||||||
Meng2 | 2015 | Chinese | China | CVDs | 7/10 | 77 ± 8 | 17 | Case-control study (HF to CVD) | 2006 and 2010 |
Controls | 496/240 | 77.6 ± 7.1 | 736 | ||||||
Pedersen | 2017 | English | Denmark | Hip fractures | 32,793/77,770 | - | 110,563 | Cohort study (HF to CVD) | 1995 and 2015 |
Controls | 163,951/388,823 | - | 552,774 | ||||||
Pouwels | 2009 | English | UK | Hip fractures | 1834/4929 | 75.7 | 6763 | Case-control study (CVD to HF) | 1991 and 2002 |
Controls | 7203/19,138 | 75.3 | 26,341 | ||||||
Sennerby | 2007 | English | Sweden | Hip fractures | - | 72.5 ± 6.8 | 1327 | Case-control study (CVD to HF) | 1993 and 1995 |
Controls | - | 70.7 ± 7.8 | 3170 | ||||||
Sennerby | 2009 | English | Sweden | CVDs | 6400/4762 | - | 11,162 | Cohort study (CVD to HF) | 1964 and 2005 |
Controls | 8408/10,681 | - | 19,089 | ||||||
Tsai | 2015 | English | Taiwan | Hip fractures | 11,662/13,496 | 71.0 ± 15.6 | 25,158 | Cohort study (HF to CVD) | 2000 and 2010 |
Controls | 2916/3424 | 72.2 ± 15.7 | 6340 | ||||||
Wong | 2017 | English | Australia | CVDs | 3024/2539 | 71.9 ± 13.4 | 5563 | Cohort study (CVD to HF) | 1999 and 2012 |
Controls | 57,613/50,424 | 55 ± 19.6 | 108,037 | ||||||
Xu | 2013 | English | China | Hip fractures | 4720/8351 | 68.8 ± 8.56 | 13,071 | Case-control study (CVD to HF) | 2006 and 2010 |
|  |  |  |  | Controls | 476,719/374,618 | 68.1 ± 8.53 | 851,337 |  |  |