Fig. 2

A 71-year-old male presented with chest distress and asthma lasting for one month. An ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT scan revealed tuberculous pericarditis and mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis. The symptoms were fully alleviated following empiric anti-tuberculosis therapy. Images A-B demonstrated slightly lamellar thickening on CT with diffuse ¹⁸F-FDG uptake on PET; images C-D highlighted mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis with high ¹⁸F-FDG uptake; images E-F (HE×200) exhibited a typical granulomatous structure characterized by central caseous necrosis surrounded by epithelioid cells, lymphocyte infiltration, and fibrous tissue hyperplasia. All lesions are indicated by red arrows